NOTE: Lenora Fulani is the only woman Presidential candidate to have been on the general election ballot (the others listed here ran in the Democratic Party primary.) Fulani was the first woman and first African American in US history to be on the ballot in all 50 states and qualify for federal matching funds. She collected over 1.5 million signatures in her run as an independent in 1988, laying the basis for Ross Perot's independent run in 1992 and paving the way for the current independent movement.
This from the National Women't History Museum:
Lenora Branch Fulani has spent almost three decades fighting to end the two-party system and create a “viable, national, pro-socialist” party for those who feel ignored by the Democratic and Republican parties. Fulani ran for the presidency in 1988 and 1992.
She grew up in Chester, PA and watched her father die because, she said, no ambulance would come to her poor, African-American neighborhood. This, along with the firing of a gay choir director at her church, shaped her desire to address injustice... READ MORE HERE
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Lenora Fulani was not an independent presidential candidate in 1988, the year she got on the ballot in all states. Her ballot label was "New Alliance Party" in Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, D.C., Florida, Georgia, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin, and Wyoming. In Illinois her ballot label was New Solidarity and in South Carolina it was United Citizens. She was nominated by the national convention of the New Alliance Party in August 1988 in New York city. The New Alliance Party was a real political party that elected a state legislator in Nebraska that year and which had candidates for congress and all levels of state and local office.
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